Practical Linux Tutorials and Command-Line Guides

Search hundreds of step-by-step tutorials for Bash, Ubuntu, networking, security, and more.

Featured Articles

Mar 9, 2026 • 7 min read

Find and Replace in Vim / Vi

Step-by-step guide to finding and replacing text in Vim using the :substitute command. Covers ranges, flags, regex, case sensitivity, and practical examples.

GZ file icon beside the text unzip .gz file on a yellow background

Jul 17, 2026 • 4 min read

How to Unzip a .gz File in Linux

Unzip a .gz file in Linux with gzip or gunzip, keep the original file when needed, and extract .tar.gz archives with tar.

Mar 17, 2026 • 8 min read

Bash printf Command

A practical guide to printf in Bash: formatting numbers, strings, and alignment.

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Nov 7, 2026 • 9 min read • series

The ~/.ssh Folder: Files, Permissions, and Layout

What lives inside ~/.ssh on Linux: private keys, authorized_keys, known_hosts, config, and the recommended permissions for each file.

The contents and permissions of the ~/.ssh folder on Linux

Nov 7, 2026 • 6 min read

How to Comment Out Multiple Lines in Vim

Comment out multiple lines in Vim with visual block mode, line ranges, or bundled gc mappings, then remove comments with the matching commands.

Vim editor commenting out a block of selected lines with the visual block insert technique

Nov 7, 2026 • 7 min read

Nginx 413 Request Entity Too Large: client_max_body_size Fix

Fix the Nginx 413 Request Entity Too Large error: raise client_max_body_size in the right context and match the PHP-FPM upload limits.

File upload stopped at a request size limit, with a 413 error and client_max_body_size setting

Nov 6, 2026 • 14 min read • series

ssh Command in Linux: Connect to Remote Servers

The ssh command connects you to a remote Linux server. This guide covers its syntax, the most useful options, key-based login, and port forwarding.

Using the ssh command to connect to a remote Linux server

Nov 6, 2026 • 7 min read

less Command in Linux: Navigate and Search Files

How to use the less command in Linux to view files page by page, search for text, follow log files in real time, and navigate with vi-style key bindings.

Nov 5, 2026 • 11 min read

Things to Do After Installing Ubuntu 26.04

Post-install checklist for Ubuntu 26.04: updates, drivers without Software & Updates, media codecs, Flatpak, backups, Ubuntu Pro, firewall, and desktop tweaks.

Nov 5, 2026 • 9 min read

How to Find Which Process Is Using a Port in Linux

Find the Linux process listening on a TCP or UDP port with ss, lsof, fuser, or netstat, then inspect and stop it safely.

Finding the process that is listening on a network port in Linux

Nov 5, 2026 • 8 min read • new

Fix pip "externally-managed-environment" Error on Ubuntu and Debian

Fix pip's externally-managed-environment error on Ubuntu and Debian with a virtual environment, pipx, or apt, without changing the system Python packages.

A protected system Python environment beside a separate project environment holding a Python package

Nov 5, 2026 • 9 min read

How to Save a File and Exit Vim / Vi

Save a file and quit Vim or Vi with :w, :wq, :q!, :x, ZZ, and ZQ. This guide explains the common save, exit, discard, and read-only file commands.

Nov 4, 2026 • 9 min read

How to Unzip Files in Linux

Extract ZIP archives in Linux with the unzip command: unzip to a folder, handle password-protected and multiple archives, list or test contents, and exclude files.